Avalanche breakdown, a phenomenon used in laser-based radiation detection, occurs due to:

Regarding the India-U.S. tri-service exercise ‘Tiger Triumph,’ consider the following statements:

1. It is mainly a naval warfare exercise aimed at strengthening maritime combat capabilities.
   
2. The exercise focuses on improving coordination in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) between India and the U.S.
   
3. The 2024 edition of the exercise is scheduled to take place in Visakhapatnam.
   

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which agreement led to the establishment of the Arctic Council?

Regarding the study on monsoon rainfall in the Western Ghats conducted by the Central University of Kerala, consider the following statements:

1. The study employed tree ring analysis to reconstruct monsoon patterns spanning 800 years.
   
2. The findings indicate a long-term upward trend in monsoon intensity.
   
3. The study specifically concentrated on monsoon variations over the last 100 years.
   

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is El Niño commonly linked to?